Veteran eclipse watchers will tell you that if you look really hard right at the beginning and just before the end of totality, you may detect a light blue or turquoise band on the Moon's face (see image). Light blue band visible on the Moon's surface. This red-orange light is then bent or refracted around Earth, hitting the surface of the Moon and giving it the reddish-orange glow that total lunar eclipses are famous for. Those with longer wavelengths, like red and orange, pass through the atmosphere. Colors with shorter wavelengths, especially the violet and blue colors, are scattered more strongly, so they are removed from the sunlight before it hits the surface of the Moon during a lunar eclipse.
Not all colors in the light spectrum, however, are equally scattered. When sunlight entering the Earth's atmosphere strikes the particles that are smaller than the light's wavelengths, it gets scattered into different directions. The layer of air surrounding our planet is made up of different gases, water droplets, and dust particles. The next piece of the puzzle of why a totally eclipsed Moon turns red is the Earth's atmosphere. The science of total lunar eclipses Earth's Atmosphere Colors towards the red part of the spectrum have longer wavelengths and lower frequencies compared to colors towards the violet part of the spectrum which have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies. These colors are visible through a prism or in a rainbow. Colorful SunlightĮven though sunlight may look white to human eyes, it is actually composed of different colors. It is the same mechanism responsible for causing colorful sunrises and sunsets, and for the sky to look blue. The reason why the Moon takes on a reddish color during totality is a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering. The red color of a totally eclipsed Moon has prompted many people in recent years to refer to total lunar eclipses as Blood Moons.
When this happens, the surface of the Moon takes on a reddish glow instead of going completely dark. During a total lunar eclipse, the Earth moves between the Sun and the Moon and cuts off the Moon's light supply. The Moon does not have any light of its own-it shines because its surface reflects sunlight.
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